On Feb 26th, the FCC will vote on a proposal to reclassify Internet service as a utility.
This is a prerequisite -- as it turns out -- to enforcing network neutrality regulations.
This is a complex issue, but I'll try to keep this short and just point out a few good resources that I have found while exploring the topic.
One stellar resource I have found is vox.com. They have this deck of cards: Everything you need to know about network neutrality. This will give you a quick history lesson on the subject as well as the arguments from both camps.